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Summary of the Results of the 2006 Establishment and Enterprise Census
1. Overview
The number of establishments decreased by 6.9 % (1.4 % per year), and the number of persons engaged decreased by 2.5 % (0.5 % per year) compared with five years ago.
- The total number of establishments in Japan stood at 6,092,000 as of October 1, 2006. In case of omitting establishments whose activities were unknown, the number of establishments was 5,911,000 and the number of persons engaged was 58,634,000.
- The number of male employees was 33,731,000, and that of female employees was 24,903,000.
- The number of establishments decreased by 6.9 % (1.4 % per year), and the number of persons engaged decreased by 2.5 % (0.5 % per year), compared with the result of the 2001 Census.
Note: We omitted establishments whose activities were unknown with the following descriptions.
Fig. 1 Trends in Number of Establishments and Persons Engaged (1981 - 2006)
Table. 1 Trends in Number of Establishments and Persons Engaged (1981 - 2006)
The closure rate of establishments was higher than the opening rate.
- The number of newly organized establishments (*1) was 1,358,000, with 22.1 % opening rate. The number of closed establishments (*2) was 1,744,000, with 28.4 % closure rate. Opening rate decreased by 1.5 points, and closure rate decreased by 1.1 points, compared with 2001.
Fig. 2 Trends in Opening Rate and Closure Rate of Establishments (Private, 2001, 2006)
*1 Newly organized establishments are establishments existing as of the date of the Census which did not exist on the date of the last Census.
They include establishments that were set up from the day after the last Census, as well as establishments relocated from other places.
*2 Closed establishments are establishments existing as of the date of the last Census which did not exist as of the date of the Census.
They include establishments that were closed from the day after the last Census, as well as establishments relocated to other places.
2. By Industry
The number of establishments and persons engaged both increased substantially in "Medical, Health Care and Welfare."
- By major industrial group, the number of establishments increased greatly in "Medical, Health Care and Welfare" (by 17.9 %), and decreased sharply in "Manufacturing" (by 14.8 %), "Wholesale and Retail Trade" (by 11.2 %) and others.
- The number of persons engaged increased greatly in "Medical, Health Care and Welfare" (by 23.4 %), and decreased sharply in "Construction" (by 16.2 %) and "Manufacturing" (by 9.4 %).
Fig. 3 Increase Rate of Establishments by Main Major Industrial Group (2001 - 2006)
*Hairdressing and beauty salons, barber shops, goods rental shops and leasing facilities, services for amusement and hobbies, advertising, and others.
Fig. 4 Increase Rate of Persons Engaged by Major Industrial Group (2001 - 2006)
*Hairdressing and beauty salons, barber shops, goods rental shops and leasing facilities, services for amusement and hobbies, advertising, and others.
"Miscellaneous social insurance, social welfare and care services" and "Worker dispatch services" showed substantial growth in both the number of establishments and that of persons engaged.
- By minor industrial group, both the number of establishments and that of persons engaged greatly increased in "Miscellaneous social insurance, social welfare and care services", which include recovery institutions and hairdressing and beauty salons, barber shops, (by 151.5 % for establishments, and 140.7 % for persons engaged) and "Worker dispatch services" (by 144.4 % and 133.6 %, respectively).
Table. 2 Industry Groups with Higher Increase Rate of Establishments (Highest 10 Minor Groups) (2001 - 2006)
Table. 3 Industrial Groups with Higher Increase Rate of Number of Persons Engaged (Highest 10 Minor Groups) (2001 - 2006)
"Information and Communications" showed a high rate in both opening and closure.
- By major industrial group, "Compound Services" (71.3 %) and "Information and Communications" (49.9 %) had a high opening rate of establishment (*1), whereas "Information and Communications" (50.1 %) and "Finance and Insurance" (37.9 %) showed a high closure rate (*2).
Fig. 5 Opening Rate and Closure Rate of Establishments by Major Industrial Group (Private, 2006)
3. By Type of Legal Organization
The number of establishments of "Corporation" exceeded that of "Individual proprietorship" for the first time.
- By organization type, "private establishment" had 5,723,000 establishments (accounting for 96.8 % of the total number), and "institutions of national and local public organizations" had 188,000 establishments (3.2 %).
- Among private establishments, the number of establishments in "individual proprietorship" was 2,735,000 (46.3 %), whereas that of "corporations" was 2,955,000 (50.5 %), among which 2,571,000 establishments (43.5 %) were "stock companies (including limited companies)". The number of establishments in "corporations" exceeded that in "individual proprietorship" for the first time.
- The number of establishments in "individual proprietorship" decreased by 12.7 %, and that in "corporations" decreased by 0.6 %, compared with 2001.
Fig. 6 Composition Ratio of Number of Establishments by Organization Type (2001, 2006)
4. By the Number of Persons Engaged
The number of establishments with "more than 50 persons" increased.
- By the number of persons engaged, the number of establishments with "1-4 persons" was 3,487,000 (accounted for 60.9 % of the total), and that with "5-9 persons" was 1,097,000 (19.2 %). The number of establishments with "less than 10 persons" thus covered about 80 % of the total.
- The number of establishments with "1-4 persons" decreased by 8.3 %, and that with "5-9 persons" also dropped by 6.7 %, compared with 2001. On the other hand, the number of establishments with "more than 50 persons" generally increased, including a 9.4 % gain in "more than 300 persons" and a 5.7 % gain in "200-299 persons."
Fig. 7 Increase Rate of Number of Establishments by Number of Persons Engaged (Private, 2001 - 2006)
5. By Employment Status
The number of part-timers was larger than that of "full time employees" among women.
- By status of employment, the number of "full-time employees" was 29,054,000 (accounted for 62.4 % of the total), "those other than full-time employees" such as part-timers was 15,927,000 (34.2 %), and "temporary employees" such as daily workers was 1,603,000 (3.4 %).
- The number of "full-time employees" decreased by 5.3 %, whereas "those other than full-time employees" and "temporary employees" increased by 11.1 % and 5.8 % respectively compared with 2001.
- Among women, the number of "those other than full-time employees" was 10,627,000 (51.9 % of all female employees), which was larger than "full-time employees", 9,038,000 (44.1 %).
Fig. 8 Component Ratio of Persons Engaged by Employment Status (Private, Non-agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, 2006)
In "Eating and Drinking Places" and "Retail Trade," the percentage of part-timers was high in "regular employees."
- With respect to percentage of "those other than full-time employees" such as part-timers among "regular employees," that of "Hamburger shops" was the highest (93.3 %), followed by "Retail food and beverage stores, n.e.c." such as convenience stores (80.9%), "Barbecue restaurants, only oriental restaurants" (79.9 %) and so on. Generally, the ratio of "those other than full-time employees" among "regular employees" was high in "Eating and Drinking Places" and "Retail Trade."
Table. 4 Number of "Those Other Than Full-time Employees" by Industrial Minor Group (Highest 10 Minor Groups)
(Private, 2006)
6. By Region
The number of establishments decreased in all prefectures. The number of persons engaged increased in four prefectures.
- By prefecture, the number of establishments decreased in all prefectures, and the number of persons engaged also decreased in all prefectures except Okinawa-ken (up 4.5 %), Aichi-ken (up 2.0 %), Tokyo-to (up 1.1 % increase) and Saitama-ken (up 0.4 %).
- The decrease rate of establishments was high in Osaka-fu (11.5 %), Ehime-ken (11.2 %) and Kyoto-fu (9.5 %). The decrease rate of persons engaged was high in Aomori-ken (8.6 %), Ehime-ken and Kochi-ken (7.9 % in both).
Fig. 9 Increase-decrease Rate of Persons Engaged by Prefecture (2001 - 2006)
7. Trends in Number of Incorporated Enterprises
The number of incorporated enterprises was 1,516,000, a decrease of 102,000 (6.3 %) from five years ago.
- The number of incorporated enterprises in Japan was 1,516,000, a decrease of 102,000 (6.3 %) compared by 2001 (1.3 % per year).
*"Incorporated enterprise" means an enterprise with the legal status of a stock company (including a limited company), a limited or unlimited partnership and a mutual insurance company which covers both head and branch establishments. A single establishment is regarded as an "incorporated enterprise" in its own right. Therefore, the number of incorporated enterprises is the total of head establishments and single establishments.
Fig. 10 Trends in Number of Incorporated Enterprises (1981 - 2006)
8. State of Electronic Commerce
The ratio of enterprises engaged in electronic commerce (engagement rate) was 14.7 %, an increase of 4.2 points.
- 222,000 enterprises (14.7 % of the total) were engaged in electronic commerce, an increase of 53,000 in number (4.2 percentage points) compared with 2001.
- The larger the capital was, the higher the engagement rate was. Engagement rate was 10 - 20 % in the enterprises in capital segments of "less than 30 million yen," 20 - 30 % in those of "30 to less than 300 million yen," 32.5 % in those of "300 million to less than 1 billion yen," 41.0 % in those of "1 to less than 5 billion yen," and 50.9 % in those of "5 billion yen or more."
Fig. 11 Engagement Ratio in E-Commerce by Capital (2006)
