secondary school and lower secondary school)" contains data on the employment referrals carried out before the end of June by the Public Employment Security Offices or by schools as to the new graduates of lower secondary and upper secondary schools in March every year. In addition, information on the placement of the new school graduates is made available by an inquiry into the situation after graduation made by "Basic Survey of Schools" conducted as of 1 May of each year by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. School Basic Survey (See "25 Education") Basic Survey on Labour Unions The survey was initiated in 1947 under the name of Survey on Labour Unions as a complete count survey in order to clarify actual conditions of the organisation of labour unions. It was renamed to Basic Survey on Trade Unions in 1948. In 1983, the name of the survey was changed to the present one, and, at the same time, the survey became a part of the Survey on Industrial Relations. The survey is conducted, covering all the labour unions in Japan, by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare as of the end of June every year. Labour unions are an organisation or federations thereof formed voluntarily and composed mainly of workers for the main purposes of maintaining and improving working conditions and raising the economic status of the workers. The unit labour union refers to a labour union whose members are workers in their individual capacity, and which has no subordinate units (such as branches) as members. The joint labour union refers to an organisation whose members are workers in their individual capacity, and which has subordinate units (such as branches). Labour Productivity Index The indices have been compiled monthly since 1958 by the Japan Productivity Center for the purpose of measuring changes in physical labour productivity of mining, manufacturing and non-manufacturing industries. The physical labour productivity is defined as the output per labour input, the latter of which is expressed in terms of man-hour. Labour Disputes Statistics The statistics are compiled by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare based on the reports submitted by the prefectural sections in charge of labour administration. The purpose of the survey is to investigate the actual conditions of labour disputes throughout the country. Data are collected as of the end of each month on the conditions ranging from their start to settlement of labour disputes during the month. 428 19 労働・賃金
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