Japan Statistical Yearbook 2023
204/796

direct investments and bank lending. Other official flows This refers to flows of public funds that do not meet official development assistance (ODA) criteria. It mainly consists of official export credits, direct investment finance, acquisitions by governments and central monetary institutions of securities issued by multilateral development banks, etc. Private flows This refers to flows of funds via private transactions, and mainly consists of private export credits, 6 Foreign Trade, Balance of Payments and International Cooperation 171

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