Prefectural Accounts The prefectural account aims to clarify the circulation and the structure of the economy of the prefectures (hereinafter refers to Prefecture) by recording 3 such aspects as production, distribution and expenditure, and conditions of the economy of prefecture resident comprehensively, as well as contributing to policy management as a synthetic economic indicator of the prefectural economy, and to provide the basis for decision making of household and company. In addition, it ascertain the standing of each prefectural economy in the national economy, and to make it possible to analyze the regional analysis of national economy by means of comparison of each prefectural economy. production activities and are used repeatedly over one year in principle for the production of goods and services. There are <1> Dwellings, <2> Other buildings and structures, <3> Machinery and equipment, <4> Defense equipment, <5> Cultivated biological resources, <6> Intellectual property products. Prefectural accounts are published by all prefectures based on the Standard Method for Prefectural Accounts, which was formulated by the Economic and Social Research Institute of the Cabinet Office in accordance with the National Accounts. In addition, Civic Economic Accounts are prepared and published by 17 ordinance-designated cities (Sapporo, Sendai, Saitama, Chiba, Yokohama, Kawasaki, Niigata, Hamamatsu, Nagoya, Kyoto, Osaka, Sakai, Kobe, Okayama, Hiroshima, Kitakyushu, and Fukuoka). The Institute collects all the latest prefectural accounts and this yearbook uses them. Prefectural accounts of fiscal 2018 are based on the "Prefectural Accounts standard methods (the 2011 edition of benchmark year)" in conformity with the national account (2008 SNA, Benchmark year = 2011). The prefectural accounts, which adopt the concepts of the national accounts, should conceptually be consistent with the national accounts, but some discrepancies exist between the two, because the prefectural accounts are compiled by each prefecture independently and the estimation method is not always identical. Input-Output Tables (Fundamental Statistics) The input-output tables aims to clarify systematically the economic structures in our country, and to provide the basic information to analyse economic ripple effect and to revise the benchmark of each economic indicators. The tables are compiled every five years, for which the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, the Cabinet Office, the Financial Services Agency, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism and the Ministry of the Environment works together. The input-output table shows, in a matrix format, inter-industry transactions of goods and services in the national economy for a certain period (usually one year). In the matrix, column figures show the composition of materials and gross value added inputted for production, and row figures the composition of sales and consumptions of goods and services outputted, thus the matrix is called input-output table. The input-output table consists of the central part of the intermediate demand and intermediate input which records transactions among industries and extraneous part showing the gross value added and the final demand. The table is characterised by the clear depiction of all industrial activities including inter-industry transactions which are not shown in the national income statistics. The main constituent of the input-output tables are the basic transaction table, input coefficient table, and inverse matrix coefficient table. The basic transaction table shows values of goods and services transacted between industries etc., while the input coefficient table is obtained by dividing the value of raw materials inputted etc. of each industry in a column of the basic transaction table by the value of production of the industry, indicating the quantity of raw materials etc. necessary for the production of one unit in each industry. And the inverse matrix coefficient tables show the ripple 3 National Accounts 89
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