Gross Domestic Product The gross domestic product (expenditure approach) represents expenditure against the gross domestic product, and grasps, from the side of final demand, the way the goods and services (value added) produced by domestic productive activities are consumed or invested, including international trade. On the other hand, the gross domestic product (production approach) is an aggregate of value added deducting intermediate input such as raw materials, etc. from the output of goods and services attributable to domestic productive activities. Accordingly, the gross domestic product (production approach) and the gross domestic product (expenditure approach) are theoretically equivalent, but they are subject to some discrepancies due to the differences in estimation method and source data, etc. For this reason, an item for statistical discrepancy is included in the gross domestic product (production approach) tabulation in order to adjust the balance between the gross domestic product (expenditure approach) and the gross domestic product (production approach). consumption tax and import duty less subsidy. At factor costs This represents valuation in terms of the cost of factors necessary to produce the respective goods (this cost comprising the compensation of employees, operating surplus and mixed income, and consumption of fixed capital required for the factors of production). This price does not contain tax or duty imposed nor subsidy. In the national account, the gross domestic product and the national disposable income are expressed at market prices, and the national income is expressed at market prices and at factor costs. distribution costs and margins. This type of valuation is therefore used for demand analysis. obtaining a real value by dividing a nominal value by a deflator is called deflation. Fixed Assets The fixed assets are non-financial assets included in production assets generated as a result of Gross National Income The gross national income (GNI) is conceptually the gross of the income received by residents in a country concerned and adds the Gross Domestic Product to net receivable of the income (compensation of employees and property income) from the rest of the world. The real gross national income adds the real value of the gross domestic income to the real value of net receivable of the income from the rest of the world, and the real gross domestic income is identical the sum of the real gross domestic product and trading gains / losses. The real of the income from the rest of the world is obtained by the domestic demand deflator. National Income Net national income (NNI) at market prices is the balance of deduction of the consumption of fixed capital from the gross national income; and net national income expressed in terms of factor costs is the balance after net indirect tax (tax or subsidies applied to taxes on production and imports) is deducted from the above. This net national income is called the national income (NI) expressed by factor costs. National income at factor costs is distributed as compensation of employees, property income, and entrepreneurial income. At market prices This represents valuation in prices used in market transactions. This price contains At producer's prices This represents valuation in prices at the producer's place of business. Therefore, transportation charges and margins from that point to the final place of consumption are deemed to be the production of distribution and commercial agents, and are not added to the value of each commodity. Producer price valuation is used in the input-output table. At purchaser's prices This represents valuation at the market price at each stage of purchasing, and includes Deflator The deflator is a price index that is used to convert the nominal value into the real value. The process of 88 3 国民経済計算
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