18 Science and Technology 428 18 科学技術 This chapter covers science and technology as well as patent administration. The section on science and technology contains statistics on research activities in business enterprises, non-profit institutions and public organisations, universities and colleges. The section on patent administration contains statistics on the number of applications and registrations of patents, utility models, designs and trademarks. Survey of Research and Development (Fundamental Statistical Survey) This survey has been conducted every year by the Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. The survey is designed to provide basic capital of 10 million yen or more engaged in industries other than specified industries), as well as non-profit institutions and public organisations, universities, and colleges. Business enterprises are chosen via sampling (enterprises with capital of one billion yen or more as well as enterprises, universities and R&D with previous research performance and capital of at least one hundred million yen but less than one billion yen are surveyed via complete enumeration) and other institutions are surveyed via complete enumeration. The survey covers basic items essential for understanding the actual state of research activities in Japan, such as research and development funds, the number of persons employed in research and development, and technological trade. The survey date on capital is as of 1 June (31 March before 2021), number of persons engaged, as of 31 March, while financial items such as sales and research and development expenditures are reported for the fiscal year ending on the latest settling day prior to 31 March. The Japan Patent Office Annual Report This report is published annually by the Patent Office. The purpose of the report is to provide useful information for companies and universities to promote strategic management of intellectual property and strengthen their technology management capabilities. The report collects and analyzes information necessary for understanding the current state of intellectual property at companies and universities. See the Glossary for Terms in this chapter. materials for promoting science and technology in Japan, by studying the research and development (R&D) activities carried out in Japan. The survey covers business enterprises (companies as defined in the Companies Act with
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