14 Wholesale and Retail Trade 14 Wholesale and Retail Trade 365This chapter contains statistics on wholesale and retail trade. Economic Census for Business Activity (Fundamental Statistical Survey) See "7 Business Activities". This chapter covers the results of the Economic Census for Business Activity (for wholesale and retail trade). Totals are based on the results of the Economic Census for Business Activity for establishments rated as "I - Wholesale and Retail " in the industry category. Up to 2016, excluding enumeration districts including difficult-to-return areas set by the director-general of the Nuclear Emergency Response Headquarters after the occurrence of the Great East Japan Earthquake, based on the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness. Annual Business Survey (Fundamental Statistical Survey) See "7 Business Activity". This chapter covers the results of a tabulation across industries survey cover only wholesale and retail trade. Current Survey of Commerce (Fundamental Statistical Survey) This survey was started in 1953 by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry with the aim to clarify the trend of sales by wholesale and retail establishments and enterprises. At the beginning, the survey was conducted quarterly, yet it was reorganised to a monthly survey in October 1959. The survey is conducted as of the end of each month for "I- Wholesale and Retail" in the Japan Standard Industrial Classification (JSIC) business establishments (excluding agency businesses and brokerage businesses). As regards department stores, a separate survey of "Department Store Sales Statistics" had been compiled including the revision made in 1978 and was then integrated into the "Current Survey of Commerce". The survey is a sample survey based on the Census of Commerce or the Economic Census for Business Activity (since 2012). Previously, when the results of the survey, which is conducted every two to three years were released, the sales by industry were revised retroactively to match the results of the Census of Commerce (level adjustment). However, the survey method and the aggregation method were changed between the 2007 Census of Commerce and the 2012 Economic Census for Business Activity, and a fault occurred in the results. Therefore, the level adjustment was stopped. The release of monthly sales estimated via a ratio estimation method based on values revised to match the 2007 Census of Commerce (benchmarks) continued until February 2020. In March 2020, the Population Register was changed from the Census of Commerce to the Economic Census for Business Activity. In order to correct for the gap between the monthly sales estimates in this survey and actual commercial sales, we recalculated the month-to-month ratio estimates for the period through February 2020 based on benchmarks adjusted to match the 2016 Economic Census for Business Activity. Beginning in January 2025, the second "level adjustment" was carried out to recalculate the month-on-month estimates up to December 2024 based on values (benchmarks) revised to align with the 2021 Economic Census for Business Activity (2020 totals). In the future, in principle, after the final report of the Economic Census for Business Activity is released, work will be conducted using the relevant data. In the final report for the most recent month after the completion of the work (annual amendments), "benchmark updates" will be conducted each time through "level adjustments." See the Glossary for Terms in this chapter.
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