472 20 物価・地価The base year for the present index is 2015, and the number of service items to be priced is 146, including as well the consumption tax. The year for the base and weights of current index is 2020 and in principle the index is compiled, based on retail prices of each municipality and items obtained from "Trend Survey" of the Retail Price Survey (described later), using the Laspeyres-type formula. The weights are calculated on the basis of average monthly living expenditures per household by commodity of two-or-more-person households in 2019 and 2020 obtained from the Family Income and Expenditure Survey (see "22 Family Income and Expenditure"). Index items to be priced are total 582 items which are selected according to the relative importance in total living expenditures, representativeness in price movement, and availability in price survey. Retail Price Survey (Fundamental Statistical Survey) Retail Price Survey, the survey collects retail prices and service charges, which constitute items essential to consumers' daily lives. It consists of two parts, namely, "Trend Survey" for clarifying monthly trends of prices, and "Structural Survey" for clarifying price structures by region and store type, and is conducted by the Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. "Trend Survey" has been conducted every month since June 1950 to obtain data for the Consumer Price Index and other basic materials concerning prices. The price survey is conducted at about 28,000 retail stores and establishments in a total of 167 selected municipalities (cities, towns and villages). As of December 2022, the number of survey items is 505, and the number of specifications (subdivision of items) is 695. "Structural Survey" has been conducted since January 2013, to annually check the price differences between regions and prices by store type and specification, which had been grasped by the National Survey of prices conducted once every five years, with the aim to clarify the changes in the price structure. As of January 2021, the survey wasconducted at about 3,000 stores in a total of 138 selected cities. For the survey on price differences between regions, the number of survey items was 57 (58 specifications). For prices by store type and specifications there were 9 items (9 specifications). However, prices by store type and specification were discontinued after the survey in December 2021 in order to improve the survey, make it more efficient, and enhance its content. As of January 2022, the survey covered approximately 1,000 stores in 91 cities, which are not included in the survey areas for "Trends" but are located in prefectures across the country, and the number of survey items was 57 (58 specifications). In both "Trend Survey" and "Structural Survey", in principle, prices to be collected for the survey are normal retail prices for products sold to consumers at the stores surveyed. Bargain basement prices offered in a short period time (less than 8 days) and for an inventory-clearance sale are not collected. Commodity Price Index of Agriculture Commodity Price Index of Agriculture is compiled every month by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in order to measure the price movement in agricultural inputs and outputs, using the Laspeyres-type formula. The current index is based on the year 2020, and the weight used to calculate the annual average price index is based on the average per farm management body in Japan according to the results of the 2020 Agricultural Management Survey by Management Structure (all farm management bodies). Agricultural products are calculated from agricultural gross profits, and agricultural production materials are calculated from farm management costs. Number of items is 112 for agricultural products, 150 for materials for agricultural production. Consumer Price Index Consumer Price Index, the index has been compiled monthly since August 1946 by the Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications for the purpose of measuring changes of various goods and services purchased by households all over Japan, thereby analysing the movement of prices in time series.
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