198 7 企業活動which play a major part of the national economy. Approximately 14,400 enterprises with capital etc., of 10 million yen or over (100 million yen or over for electricity, gas, water supply, finance, and insurance industries) are surveyed quarterly. Unincorporated Enterprise Survey (Fundamental Statistical Survey) The survey covers items relating to the proprietors and employees of unincorporated enterprises and the business conditions at those enterprises, such as operating income and expenditure, etc., as of 1 June every year. It is conducted by the Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, with the purpose of obtaining basic data for various administrative measures. The results of the survey are used as basic data for the promotion of small and medium-sized enterprises by national and local governments and as analysis data for various projects and measures. They are also used to estimate the national accounts (GDP statistics). Starting with the 2019 survey, a drastic review of the survey was conducted in order to further promote the utilisation of the results. The industries covered by the survey were expanded from four industries (manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade, accommodations and food service/restaurants, and services) to almost all industries. The number of unincorporated enterprises covered by the survey has also been expanded from about 4,000 to about 40,000. Accompanying the expansion of the scope of the survey, the survey period was consolidated from the previous quarterly survey (trends) and annual survey (structure) to an annual survey only. In addition, results by prefecture are now released. Suspension of business transactions with banks Data are based on the "Annual Statistics of Clearings in Japan" compiled annually by the Japanese Bankers Association. When a second notice of dishonour is submitted within six months from the clearing date of a dishonoured bill (excluding cases in which a formal objection is filed), the drawer or draft acceptor of the dishonoured bill is subject to a suspension of trade. The financial institutions that participated in the clearing are prohibited from trading with the party subject to the suspension of trade (current account and lending transactions) for two years from the disposal date. Bankruptcies Data are obtained from the "Enterprise Bankruptcy Record" compiled by Teikoku Databank, Ltd. "Bankruptcy" refers to any of the following cases in which a company is experiencing difficulties in its management and that can no longer discharge liabilities it must pay off: <1> suspension of business transactions with banks, <2> voluntary liquidation (when the representative approves the bankruptcy), <3> applying for the commencement of corporate rehabilitation proceedings with the court, <4> applying for the commencement of civil rehabilitation proceedings with the court, <5> applying for the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings with the court, and <6> applying for the commencement of special liquidation with the court. With regard to <3> through <6>, in the case of a petition by a third party (creditor), bankruptcy occurs at the time when the commencement of the procedure is decided. The data covers companies and private businesses with liabilities of 10 million yen or more that have filed for legal liquidation under the four bankruptcy laws (Corporate Reorganisation Act, Civil Rehabilitation Act, Bankruptcy Act, and Special Settlement). Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Basic Survey of Japanese Business Structure and Activities (Fundamental Statistical Survey) The Survey has been conducted every year by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry with the purpose of obtaining basic business information needed for the government to formulate policies and programmes related to Japanese business enterprises.
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