196 7 企業活動 This chapter contains statistics on business operation, such as the characteristics of business organisations and industrial categories, employees, conditions of assets, liabilities and capital, profit and loss, bankruptcy, etc., of incorporated and unincorporated enterprises. For the number of farm, forestry and fishery households, see "8 Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries", for bills cleared and dishonoured bills, see "16 Finance and Insurance" and for business registrations, see "28 Justice and Police". Economic Census for Business Activity The Economic Census for Business Activity is conducted by the Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, or by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. The objectives are to identify the structure of business establishments and enterprises in all industries on a national and regional level by comprehensively investigating accounting items such as amounts of sales (income) and expenses in all industrial fields at the same time and to obtain basic information for conducting various statistical surveys. Up to the 2016 survey, all business establishments and enterprises except those belonging to the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry and managed by individuals, those belonging to the domestic service industry, those belonging to foreign public service, and those belonging to the national and local governments were surveyed. In the 2021 survey, however, all business establishments and enterprises except those belonging to the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries industry and managed by individuals, those belonging to the domestic service industry, and those belonging to foreign public service were surveyed. covers establishments other than those belonging to the national and local governments, and covers establishments of the national and local governments. Establishments "Establishments" refers to a unit of the place where economic activities are performed and fulfill the following conditions in principle. <1> An establishment is the unit of a place which occupies a certain space (1 plot) and in which economic activities are performed under a single management agency. <2> An establishment has persons engaged as well as equipment, and manufactures and sells goods and provides Economic Census (Fundamental Statistical Survey) The Economic Census is conducted to grasp the economic activity of establishments and enterprises, to clarify the overall industrial structure of Japan, and to provide a basic statistical framework for other sample surveys on establishments or enterprises. The Economic Census consists of Economic Census for Business Frame, which clarifies the basic structure of establishments and enterprises, and Economic Census for Business Activity, which clarifies the situation of the economic activity of establishments and enterprises. Economic Census for Business Frame The Economic Census for Business Frame is conducted by the Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, with the aim of clarifying the basic structure including activity status of establishments in all industries on a national and regional level and developing the Statistical Business Register, which integrates the results of various statistical surveys covering establishments and enterprises. The Census consists of , which covers all establishments and enterprises in Japan, except for individual proprietorships engaged in agriculture, forestry, or fisheries; and establishments for domestic services; and establishments engaged in foreign public affairs in Japan, and , which covers establishments of national and local governments. Questionnaire B is conducted as of 1 June every year, except in years when the Economic Census for Business Activity is conducted. The 2019 survey (Questionnaire A) uses a different survey method from past economic censuses, so it is necessary to be careful when making time-series comparisons. 7 Business Activities