7 Business Activities This chapter contains statistics on business operation, such as the characteristics of business organisations and industrial categories, employees, conditions of assets, liabilities and capital, profit and loss, bankruptcy, etc. of incorporated and unincorporated enterprises. For the number of farm, forestry and fishery households, see "8 Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries", for bills cleared and dishonoured bills, see "16 Finance and Insurance" and for business registrations, see "28 Justice and Police". Economic Census (Fundamental Statistical Survey) The Economic Census is conducted to grasp the economic activity of establishments and enterprises, to clarify the overall industrial structure of Japan, and to provide a basic statistical framework for other sample surveys on establishments or enterprises. The Economic Census consists of Economic Census for Business Frame, which clarifies the basic structure of establishments and enterprises, and Economic Census for Business Activity, which clarifies the situation of the economic activity of establishments and enterprises. Economic Census for Business Frame The Economic Census for Business Frame is conducted by the Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, with the aim to clarify the economic structures consisting of activities of establishments in all industries on a national and regional level, the Census covers all the establishments and enterprises in Japan, except for privately-managed establishments engaged in agriculture, forestry and fisheries, and establishments for domestic services, foreign governments and international agencies in Japan. Economic Census for Business Activity The Economic Census for Business Activity is conducted by the Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, or by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. The objectives are by investigating the economic activity of establishments and enterprises, to identify the structure of establishments and enterprises in all industries on a national and regional level, and to obtain basic information for conducting various statistical surveys. The Census covers all the establishments and enterprises in Japan, except for privately-managed establishments engaged in agriculture, forestry and fisheries, and establishments for domestic services, foreign governments and international agencies in Japan. Establishments "Establishments" refers to a unit of the place where economic activities are performed and fulfill the following conditions in principle. <1> An establishment is the unit of a place which occupies a certain space (1 plot) and in which economic activities are performed under a single management agency. <2> An establishment has persons engaged as well as equipment, and manufactures and sells goods and provides services on a continual basis. Enterprises, etc. "Enterprises, etc." refers to corporations engaging in businesses and activities (excluding foreign companies) and establishments of individual proprietorships. When the same management agency runs multiple establishments of individual proprietorships, all those establishments are regarded as a single, combined enterprise. Specifically, enterprises, etc. include companies, corporations other than companies, and whole entities consisting of a head office and branch offices of individual proprietorships. Single unit establishments are considered as enterprises in their own right. Incorporated enterprises "Incorporated enterprises" refers to the whole of a management organisation that is a stock company, limited company, mutual insurance company, unlimited partnership company, limited 196 7 企業活動
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